Rainfall Thresholds for the Initiation of Landslides

Thursday 21 November 2024

Threshold type	Threshold code	Description
ED	E-D	Cumulative event rainfall (E) - Rainfall duration (D): ED

Thresholds sorted by Continent

Continent	Nation	Zone	Threshold type	Landslide code	Equation	Range	Notes	Reference	Image
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 27.50 + 22.50×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	Minimum threshold	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 375.00 + 1.25×D	12 < D ≤ 24	For catastrophic landslides	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 66.67 + 9.44×D	3 < D ≤ 12	Minimum threshold	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 165.00 + 1.25×D	12 < D ≤ 24	Minimum threshold	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 45.00 + 55.00×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	For catastrophic landslides	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Italy	Apuane Alps, Tuscany	ED	D	E = 150.00 + 20.00×D	3 < D ≤ 12	For catastrophic landslides	Annunziati A, Focardi A, Focardi P, Martello S, Vannocci P (2000) Analysis of the rainfall thresholds that induced debris flows in the area of Apuan Alps - Tuscany, Italy (19 June 1996 storm). In: Proceeding of the EGS Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Maratea, Italy, 485-493	Graphic
Europe	Portugal	Nord Of Lisbon, Portugal	ED	A	E = 70.00 + 0.2625×D	0.1 < D < 2400	n.a.	Zezere JL, Rodrigues ML (2002) Rainfall thresholds for landsliding in Lisbon Area (Portugal). In: Landslides (Rybar J, Stemberk J, Wagner P, eds). Lisse: A.A. Balkema, 333–338	Graphic
Europe	Spain	Llobregat valley, Pyrenees Mountains	ED	A	E = 133.00 + 0.19×D	84 < D < 1092	n.a.	Corominas J, Moya J (1999) Reconstructing recent landslide activity in relation to rainfall in the Llobregat River basin, Eastern Pyrences, Spain. Geomorphology 30: 79-93	Graphic
North America	USA	Kaluanui, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 13.84 + 12.83×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	Safety threshold	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Kaluanui, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 53.34 + 17.78×D	3 < D ≤ 6	For abundant landslides	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Kaluanui, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 8.76 + 32.64×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	For abundant landslides	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Kaluanui, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 15.75 + 12.19×D	3 < D ≤ 6	Safety threshold	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Nuuanu, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 48.26 + 15.24×D	3 < D ≤ 6	For abundant landslides	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Nuuanu, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 13.08 + 2.16×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	Safety threshold	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Nuuanu, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 9.91 + 3.22×D	3 < D ≤ 6	Safety threshold	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
North America	USA	Nuuanu, Honolulu	ED	D	E = 12.45 + 27.18×D	1 ≤ D ≤ 3	For abundant landslides	Wilson RC, Torikai JD, Ellen SD (1992) Development of rainfall thresholds for debris flows in the Honolulu District, Oahu. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-521, 45 pp	Graphic
South America	Brazil	n.a.	ED	D	E = 22.4×D^0.41	1 < D < 10,000	n.a.	Kanji MA, Massad F, Cruz PT (2003) Debris flows in areas of residual soils: occurrence and characteristics. International Workshop on Occurrence and Mechanisms of Flows in Natural Slopes and Earthfills. Iw-Flows2003, Sorrento, May, 14-16, 2003	Graphic
Worldwide	n.a.	n.a.	ED	D	E = 4.93 × D^0.504	0.1 < D < 100	n.a.	Innes JL (1983) Debris flows. Progress in Physical Geography 7: 469-501	Graphic
Worldwide	n.a.	n.a.	ED	A	E = 14.82 × D^0.61	0.167 < D < 500	n.a.	Caine N (1980) The rainfall intensity-duration control of shallow landslides and debris flows. Geografiska Annaler Series A-Physical Geography 62: 23-27	Graphic